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Why we need to express ourselves

Tania De Rozario reports on the first AWARE Roundtable discussion held September 9th.

You must have an opinion, and you must express it“, she declared as she opened the session.

And when Constance Singam exhorts you to do something, you’d better do it. So we paid close attention, not wanting to miss an opportunity to show that we do have opinions … and an ability to voice them.

The 25 of us who had gathered for the inaugural session of the AWARE Roundtable listened as past president Dana Lam took us through a brief history of women’s rights in Singapore, pointing out how laws, policies and social norms relating to gender had evolved and the impact of these on the community.

Peppering her presentation with shockingly sexist remarks made in years past by politicians and other notables, younger members of the audience, unborn or too young to have noticed when those statements were made, shook their heads in disbelief.

Hell. I shook my head in disbelief. Apparently, when I was a teenager, the minister for education was telling us girls that we needed to brush up on our skills pertaining to family life and child-rearing. “Upon your shoulders as mothers and wives, will rest the next generation.”

Wow. No pressure.

It was hard getting a handle on what the single most important issue facing women today really is. People spoke passionately about worklife balance, company policies, the lack of affordable childcare in Singapore and the prevailing existence of the glass ceiling for women working in corporate fields, among other things.

What really struck me about the whole session was the rich amounts of knowledge one derives from simple conversation. It is one thing to read about social issues in a book and another hear someone speak from personal experience:

Female university students shared that their male counterparts would gladly participate in equal parenting if it did not affect their chances of promotion. Lawyers shared that wage increment within corporate fields is often based on arbitrary justifications that support sexism. A former investment banker of 17 years, shared that a signed deal often meant her being excluded from networking opportunities because her male counterparts would celebrate by going to a strip-bar. Parents shared their experiences of the pros and cons of different family structures.

What brought home the importance of these sessions was one participant’s view of how all these issues were linked. She noted that everyone was discussing ways in which we could work towards equality within existing political, social and professional structures. Perhaps, she suggested, it would be more productive for us to be examining the mechanisms of how to change these systems themselves. Everyone was in agreement. But where does one begin?

As someone who enjoyed the first round of these discussions enough to sign up as a core member of this new initiative, I hope that that is what these sessions work towards: Discussions that unravel mechanisms for change.

The AWARE Roundtable series will be held the second Thursday of every month. The next session will see Daniel PS Goh, Assistant Professor of Sociology from NUS, speaking about the rise of fundamentalism and how it is affecting women in Singapore.

Some issues slated for future sessions include the discrimination of pregnant women in the workforce, poverty and the rights of singles.

What gender-related issues are you interested in addressing? Drop us a mail at ed@aware.org.sg to let us know and sign up for the next installment of the AWARE Roundtable here.

These discussions are open to AWARE members only. Come with an opinion.

Why is it only OK on Oprah?

Like millions of others around the world, we watch and commiserate as Americans bare their souls on the Oprah Winfrey Show about sexual abuse, gambling addictions and other problems. But, asks PAMELA NG, why do we get tongue-tied when someone close to us suffers the same problems?

A whopping 7.4 million American people watch Oprah Winfrey. Daily. And that is only in the United States. Internationally, I am not sure of the statistics but I am sure it is in the millions as well.

Many of my friends and even my own mother watches Oprah’s talk show. I watch it too, and for good reason. A woman this influential deserves attention and respect for taking responsibility and talking about real issues.

Some of these are issues which many people squirm away from – mental illness, single parenthood, ADHD, incest, sexual abuse, rape, gambling addictions, alcohol abuse, for example. Sometimes her shows are the only avenue viewers have through which to open their eyes to certain harrowing realities of life.

This is so especially in Asia, where such difficulties often remain cloaked in shame, with survivors ridden with guilt. I wish there were an equivalent in Singapore. But maybe we are not quite ready and our Asian upbringings bind us to silence. The proximity of 4.5 million people on our small island is perhaps daunting in itself.

Awareness is the beginning. It lays a foundation for understanding, and opens the channels for discussion.

However, I notice a disconnect. It is one thing watching Americans bare their soul, uncover uncomfortable truths, heal and cry for all to see and empathise with. It is quite another to embrace a closer reality: a survivor who is a friend, a neighbour, a relative, mother, son or sister.

Suddenly, the communication freezes. No longer a matter of entertainment, discussion flees a dry mouth, instead, we get side glances or undisguised embarrassment and discomfort.

Why does it stop at entertainment value?

The Woman I Want My Daughter To Be

Like many other women in Singapore, NICOLE TAN juggles family and work and sometimes finds it a struggle. So why did she decide to take on the extra load of becoming President of AWARE?
Nicole

Dear Members,

As I write this, my first note to you in my capacity as President, I am conscious that I have, for the third time this month, skipped tutoring my eight year old in Chinese. If the past weeks are indicative, there will be many more skipped sessions ahead. Will she miss them? I’m sure she (or her results) will let me know soon. She sits for her Chinese test tomorrow.

I am not alone in my predicament – high functioning on one level; anxious and not just a little guilty and scared on another. Like many of you, like many women in Singapore, I juggle family and work. I truly empathise with the woman who wants it all but fears that something’s got to give.

Nonetheless, I am going to try to fill some really big shoes as AWARE president. I don’t mind saying, I feel the weight of my predecessors on my shoulders as I write.

For 25 years, AWARE has been the forum for women, a place where thoughts are formed and spoken and given life through action. One after another, you stood up, pushed back your fears, and spoke up.

One after another, you have stood your ground, and spoken up against domestic violence, date rape, sexual harassment, discriminatory policies. You have put your names to your words and acted on your conviction, even when it would have been so much easier to say ‘no comment’. And because you spoke up, others have learned to find their voices and to use them.

I too will now have to push aside my own fears, find my voice and use it and so add to the foundations of the road that was opened for us 25 years ago.

This forum is precious. It was precious to the giants before me; it is precious to me; and unless AWARE succeeds beyond our wildest imagination, it will be precious to my daughter and perhaps to her daughters also.

What is AWARE to you? It is important that we, each of us, evaluate the question honestly. Your answer may well compel you to action.

In closing, I thank my family for the sacrifices that they will have to make in the next two years. Above all, I thank you for the opportunity to be the woman I want my daughter to be.

Fearfully Fearless,

Nicole Tan
President

AWARE Roundtable Discussions

Are you concerned about what’s happening around you?

Join us on the 2nd Thursday of every month for discussions at AWARE: Next session is on Thursday 14 October

If you have an interest in social and other issues and would like to have your say about them, come to our monthly AWARE Roundtable meetings.

Discussion and debate have always been an important part of AWARE. In gatherings large and small, formal and informal, we have discussed issues and examined policies.

The discussions sometimes led to submissions to the authorities or to publications; other times they kept AWARE abreast of current affairs, public policies and social trends.

As AWARE turns 25, we want to make this discussion and debate a regular activity with a more formal structure. A key aim is strengthen AWARE’s capacity to identify, understand and respond to a wide range of trends, issues and policies. Therefore, in September, we launched The AWARE Roundtable, a monthly event open to AWARE members and invited guests.

October

The topic for the October Roundtable is The rise of fundamentalism and its impact on women. This will take place at 7pm on October 14th.

Speaker: Daniel PS Goh, Assistant Professor of Sociology, NUS
Chair: Vivienne Wee

Register here for October’s Discussion
A number of members led by former AWARE president Constance Singam have made a commitment to attend the sessions and lead the discussions. We would like invite other members to join this core group so that we have a large enough pool of people to tap.

This discussion will be part of the preparation for a planned conference on the subject in November to mark AWARE’s 25th anniversary.

What’s needed is an interest in issues, a willingness to read and prepare for discussions, and a commitment to attend all, or at least a majority, of the sessions.

If you’d like to join the group please register at the links above.

If you have any queries, please email training@aware.org.sg.

Singapore Gang Rape Case

Do we judge a victim of rape more harshly than the victim of any other crime? A look at reactions to a local gang rape case that suggest we do.

The judge said it was factually rape.

Five young men aged 17-19 versus one young woman aged 17.

… a gang sexual assault of a grave nature which the accused persons had perpetrated without her consent.

Despite this fairly clear-cut assessment, the charges were reduced and the five accused were found guilty of the lesser charge of “aggravated outrage of modesty.”

Why did the public prosecutor* agree to reduced charges? We may never know but the favoured theory of the rumour mill was echoed in recent TNP coverage:

Blame: Exhibit 1

“…she […] was not completely blameless.”
– The New Paper (14 August)

In other words, it was partly her fault.

If this reasoning sounds familiar or even sensible it is because we believe it to be true in almost every case of rape. You don’t even have to know the facts of a case to know this will be suggested.

So what are the facts in this particular case?

According to various news sources the story goes like this (some details omitted for brevity):

WARNING: This account is graphic. Skip to the next section if you are disturbed by stories of violence.

The boys wanted female company. The group leader got the girl’s number from one of the others and called her claiming to be a schoolmate. The victim accepted the invitation for supper and was surprised when she arrived at the apartment to find a group of guys she didn’t know (only one of the five was known to her). After some reluctance, she agreed to enter the flat. There they played drinking games and she consumed more than five shots of vodka. Her head was spinning and her vision impaired. In this state, after some pressure, she became aroused by the boy who kept hitting on her. She agreed to sex with him alone in the bedroom. When the two later emerged, she went to sleep off her stupor on a bench in the common area. While she rested, she was carried back into the bedroom and stripped naked. Someone said “let’s start.” Then, over the course of the next two hours, each took their turn as they held her down. Some penetrated her vaginally, others orally. When they were done, she was left bleeding from vaginal trauma. They helped her wash up then gave her $10 for cab fare home.

So how can she be blamed in such a hideous scenario?

One lawyer explained it as follows:

It’s like driving while intoxicated. You have to take some responsibility for your actions.

It seems the victim was guilty of drunk driving a vulva.

Let’s look at a very similar situation.

If a man were to get completely drunk and wander into a dark ally, is he responsible when he gets beaten up and robbed? We acknowledge that his behaviour was risky and the outcome foreseeable. But would his risky behaviour be grounds for reducing the sentences of the perpetrators? Do we say, “Well yes that was wrong of them but he did tempt them so it’s not totally their fault. He’s partly to blame.”

In this scenario, we do not mistake foolishness with provoking attack. The attacker doesn’t receive leniency just for finding easy prey.

Then why, in the case of rape, does the same failure result in blame?

As a society we generally hold the belief that women must always be on guard to protect their virtue because men cannot always control their natural urges.

To be raped is to fail at this duty of care. It is thus a matter of shame to be a victim. What other crime causes the victim to feel such shame?

And when we blame the victim, the inference is “so it’s not totally his fault.”

A rapist is not a victim of opportunity. His youth or mental capacity may provide reasons for leniency but we should feel no sympathy simply because he found an easy victim who failed to expect violence and failed to exercise caution.

Now before anyone gets bent out of shape because of situations where there may be a genuine misunderstanding about consent, let’s remember where we started this discussion. This is a clear-cut case of gang rape. Any guy finding himself with four friends holding down and penetrating a drunk girl is under no doubt he is engaged in a violent criminal act.

So why, even in this very shocking scenario, do we still ask, “How may she have brought this on to herself?”

It seems we just can’t help ourselves. It’s illogical, indefensible and certainly not just or compassionate. Yet the idea of female culpability is deeply entrenched in our psyche.

Stop blaming the victim.

A woman may expose herself to risk for many reasons: youthful innocence, a trusting nature, a carefree attitude, lack of cynicism and suspicion, thrill seeking behaviour, desire for acceptance, and so on.  Whatever the reason, it is not an invitation to rape.

The failure of a woman to adequately assess the risk of attack does not mean that she caused what happens and should take blame for it.

Yes, we should educate and encourage women to limit their risks, but this should not in any way imply that the victim is responsible for being violated.  We need to stop blaming the victims of rape.
*The public prosecutor acts on behalf of the state, not the victim. The prosecutor is NOT the victim’s lawyer. Rape carries a sentence of up to 20 years in jail. Aggravated outrage of modesty carries a sentence of up to 10 years however the public prosecutor only asked for 3-5 years in this case.

More:

 

Note: AWARE is concerned about this case and has written to the Attorney General’s Chambers to seek clarification as to why such unusual leniency was shown in this serious gang sex assault case.

 

So what is feminism about, really?

If you’d like to know more about how gender roles took shape over time, join us at our Gender Matters workshops. It’s a crash course in feminism, and you’ll see how our beliefs and behaviours are shaped by the conventions of our society.

By Meiling Wong

Our first Gender Matters workshop on the history of feminism threw up a good deal of insightful debate and discussion. Join us for the second and third instalments of our Gender Matters series, where you will learn about how gender roles took shape over time, the impact of these conventions and expectations on our beliefs and behaviours, and discover what feminism can offer you.

For instance, as a child, were you given dolls when you really wanted to play with trucks or Lego? Were you compelled to learn to cook when you would rather have gone to welding class?

Fiat Billboard for the 127 Palio from the 70s

Today, when you choose clothes for your daughter or niece, do you automatically go for the reds and pinks? Do you wear high heels because YOU really like them or because that’s what’s expected of a woman?

Women today appear to have many choices. Or do we? To what extent are our choices dictated or influenced by social conventions?

Gender is not just a matter of the physical attributes of being a boy or a girl. There are the social norms that say women have prime responsibility for the home and that men are the main breadwinners. There are certain expectations about what a woman should look like, and be like.

At our Gender Matters workshops you will learn about the evolution of feminism, how gender roles took shape over time, and the impact of these conventions and expectations on our beliefs and behaviours.

There will be three workshops, all held at night at the AWARE Centre.

How Did We Get Here? – A History of FeminismBy Teo You Yenn, sociology professor at NTU
Date : 21 June (Monday)
Time : 7pm – 9pm

The Princess Ideology – Deconstructing the Fairy Tales

By Professor Sankaran Chitra from NUS
Date : 5 August (Thursday)
Time : 7pm – 9pm

What does Feminism mean to me?

Date : 26 August (Thursday)
Time : 7pm – 9pm

Cost per workshop:

Single : $15
Pair : $25

AWARE members who log in before purchasing will get a 40% discount. That’s just $9 per person or $15 for two persons!

Reserve Your Place: Signup Here

Thank you all you Superwomen!!!

We’ve had phenomenal support for our Superwomen in Concert!

Thank you to everyone who came to the show, to performers, to sponsors and all the volunteers who made this event possible. The event exceeded EVERYONE’S expectations and was by far the most successful fund-raising event in AWARE’s history.

Dim Sum Dollies
THANK YOU!
[flickr-gallery mode=”photoset” photoset=”72157624248370998″]

We would love you to share your comments and thoughts about the evening.

Finding the person within

The incidence of eating disorders in Singapore is rising. To help prevent it from becoming more widespread, some trainee teachers have launched a campaign to promote awareness and understanding of the problem.

By Meiling Wong

Beware if you are a perfectionist!  You could fall prey to an eating disorder.

“Victims of eating disorders tend to be perfectionist,” says Dionne Chow, a member of HEART Connection, a group of trainee teachers who have launched a campaign to promote awareness and understanding of eating disorders.

The media industry is often blamed for popularising images of slimness and beauty but, says Ms Chow, there are many factors contributing to the disease. These include personality, self-esteem and social pressures.

It is the intrinsic need to be perfect that drives some people to the habitual behaviours that are detrimental to their health.

With eating disorders like bulimia, obesity, anorexia and binge eating, the victim often has a distorted perception about his or her body image and may become obsessive about attaining the “perfect” figure as they see this as a source of social acceptance.

Once a victim gets caught in the web of a eating disorder, it is often a downward spiral and a long and arduous road to recovery.

Kathryn Lee, another member of Heart Connection, says the doctor of a friend who is currently being treated for anorexia expects full recovery to take eight years.

The group of 20 student teachers, all from the National Institute of Education, aims to give the campaign a positive spin and advocates prevention rather than cure.

They have called the campaign ‘The Person Within’ because they want people to start “looking at the person as a whole, that is his/her personality, character, style and talent” instead of the physical, says Ms Lee.

“A lot of girls are facing body image issues, but there is no open discussion about it,” she adds. While the overall number of eating disorder sufferers is low, the incidence is rising and the problem could become widespread if nothing is done.

Eating disorders are not exclusive to women – many men also struggle with poor body image and eating disorders.

“The Person Within” campaign kicked off with a photography competition on 1 May. The competition is open to those aged between 13 and 35 years.  The winning entries will be announced at a road show at Tiong Bahru Plaza on 26 June.

The road show will include live performances and talks by survivors of eating disorders. For more information, go to The Person Within website.

Workshop: Manager’s Guide to Harassment

If you are looking for more info on sexual harassment, see here

Dealing With & Preventing Harassment – 17 June

This workshop is now full. We will shortly be announcing dates for future sessions.

Does your organisation have policies and processes for dealing with sexual harassment in the workplace? No? It’s time you did.

The problem of workplace harassment has been in the news recently. Public awareness is growing and more complaints about harassment are surfacing.

Sexual harassment in the workplace affects staff morale, lowers productivity and tarnishes an organisation’s reputation. Having to manage a sexual harassment claim can cost precious time, money and resources.

A recent AWARE survey found that 54% of people had experienced some form of sexual harassment at work. Two thirds of the respondents were not aware of any sexual harassment policies at their workplace.

Learn how you can create a positive, safe and harassment-free workplace at our workshops.

Date: 17 June 2010 (Thursday)Time: 2pm – 5pm

Venue: AWARE Centre (Blk 5 Dover Crescent, #01-22)

Fees:
Single – $100
Pair – $160

Member Discount:
AWARE members who sign-in at the website before purchasing will get a 40% discount off the purchase price. That’s just $60 for the workshop or $96 for a pair. So Bring a Friend.

Course Content

Part I: Understanding Sexual Harassment

  1. Exploring myths and misconception of SH
  2. Definition and key characteristics of SH
  3. Types and Forms
  4. Why SH occurs at the Workplace
  5. Profiles of Harassers and Victims

Part II:

  1. Legal Implication on Employer
  2. Employers’ liability of ignoring SH
  3. Organisation Impact – Real Cost Study
  4. Proactive Stances by HR towards SH
    • Policies
    • Procedure Guidelines
    • SH training for staff
    • How to management the SH investigation with sensitivity
    • Effective and Non Effective Questioning
    • Role Play

This event is designed for senior managers, HR policy-makers, corporate counsel and anyone with an interest in workplace harassment.

For more information, contact Meiling Wong at 6779-7137 or meiling@aware.org.sg

This Session is Now Full.